cheapracer
Well-Known Member
Does anyone actually have hands on experience with basalt out there?
Seems heaven sent for planes, what am I missing?
[h=1]Basalt Fiber Properties[/h]Basalt fiber is a relative newcomer to fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) and structural composites. It has a similar chemical composition as glass fiber but has better strength characteristics, and unlike most glass fibers is highly resistant to alkaline, acidic and salt attack making it a good candidate for concrete, bridge and shoreline structures.
http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create...bBp29skmVvCm-0&description=Basalt Fiber Spool
Basalt Fiber Spool
Compared to carbon and aramid fiber, it has the features of wider application temperature range -452° F to 1,200° F (-269° C to +650° C), higher oxidation resistance, higher radiation resistance, higher compression strength, and higher shear strength. (Note that application temperatures of FRPs are limited by the glass transition temperature of the matrix, which is lower than the application temperature of the fibers.)
Producing fibers from basalt was researched during the cold war by the old Soviet Union and limited commercial research and production was done in the U.S. during the same period. The Soviets researched basalt as a source of fiber for ballistic resistant textiles.
The price of fibers made from basalt is higher than those made of E-glass, but less than S-glass, aramid or carbon fiber and as worldwide production increases, its cost of production should reduce further.
[h=2]Source of Basalt Fiber[/h]
Though the temperature required to produce fibers from basalt is higher than glass, it is reported by some researchers that production of fibers made from basalt requires less energy by due to the uniformity of its heating.
[h=2]Mechanical Properties[/h]
Basalt as a fiber used in FRPs and structural composites has high potential and is getting a lot of attention due to its high temperature and abrasion resistance. Compared to FRPs made from glass, aramid and carbon fiber, its use in the civil infrastructure market is very low.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt_fiber#mw-navigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt_fiber#p-search
Basalt fiber is a material made from extremely fine fibers of basalt, which is composed of the mineralsplagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. It is similar to carbon fiber and fiberglass, having better physicomechanical properties than fiberglass, but being significantly cheaper than carbon fiber. It is used as a fireproof textile in the aerospace and automotive industries and can also be used as a composite to produce products such ascamera tripods.
[h=2]Manufacture[edit][/h]Basalt fiber is made from a single material, crushed basalt, from a carefully chosen quarry source and unlike other materials such as glass fiber, essentially no materials are added. The basalt is simply washed and then melted.[1]
The manufacture of basalt fiber requires the melting of the quarried basalt rock at about 1,400 °C (2,550 °F). The molten rock is then extruded through small nozzles to produce continuous filaments of basalt fiber. There are three main manufacturing techniques, which are centrifugal-blowing, centrifugal-multiroll and die-blowing. The fibers typically have a filament diameter of between 9 and 13 µm which is far enough above the respiratory limit of 5 µm to make basalt fiber a suitable replacement for asbestos. They also have a high elastic modulus, resulting in excellent specific tenacity—three times that of steel.[verification needed]
[h=2]Properties[edit][/h]
Comparison:
[citation needed]
[h=2]History[edit][/h]The first attempts to produce basalt fiber were made in the United States in 1923. These were further developed after World War II by researchers in the USA, Europe and the Soviet Union especially for military and aerospace applications. Since declassification in 1995 basalt fibers have been used in a wider range of civilian applications.
Seems heaven sent for planes, what am I missing?
[h=1]Basalt Fiber Properties[/h]Basalt fiber is a relative newcomer to fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) and structural composites. It has a similar chemical composition as glass fiber but has better strength characteristics, and unlike most glass fibers is highly resistant to alkaline, acidic and salt attack making it a good candidate for concrete, bridge and shoreline structures.
http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create...bBp29skmVvCm-0&description=Basalt Fiber SpoolBasalt Fiber Spool
Producing fibers from basalt was researched during the cold war by the old Soviet Union and limited commercial research and production was done in the U.S. during the same period. The Soviets researched basalt as a source of fiber for ballistic resistant textiles.
The price of fibers made from basalt is higher than those made of E-glass, but less than S-glass, aramid or carbon fiber and as worldwide production increases, its cost of production should reduce further.
[h=2]Source of Basalt Fiber[/h]
Click to Enlarge Basalt Rock photo credit: v.maxi viaphotopin cc
http://www.pinterest.com/pin/create...g&guid=bBp29skmVvCm-1&description=Basalt rock | Basalt is a type of igneous rock formed by the rapid cooling of lava at the surface of a planet. It is the most common rock in the Earth’s crust.[1] Basalt rock characteristics vary from the source of lava, cooling rate, and historical exposure to the elements. High quality fibers are made from basalt deposits with uniform chemical makeup. The production of basalt and glass fibers are similar. Crushed basalt rock is the only raw material required for manufacturing the fiber. It is a continuous fiber produced through igneous basalt rock melt drawing at about 2,700° F (1,500° C).[2] |
[h=2]Mechanical Properties[/h]
| Fiber Type ▸ | Specific Gravity ▸ | Tensile Strength ksi (MPa) ▸ | Elastic Modulus, ksi (GPa) ▸ | Strain at Break, in/in (mm/mm) ▸ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basalt | 2.7 | 400-695 (2800-4800) | 12,500-13,000 (86-90) | 0.0315 |
| Although current research shows that the structural behavior, including long-term deflections due to creep and cyclical loading is similar to glass fiber, internationally recognized code authorities have yet to acknowledge basalt in their codes. This puts the use of basalt at a disadvantage until the American Concrete Institute, Canadian Standards Association, Fédération Internationale du Béton (International Federation for Structural Concrete), and others provide specific design guidance for its use. Recognition and engineering design of basalt composites should continue to climb as research substantiates current knowledge and code authorities adopt its strength characteristics. |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt_fiber#mw-navigationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt_fiber#p-search
Basalt fiber is a material made from extremely fine fibers of basalt, which is composed of the mineralsplagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. It is similar to carbon fiber and fiberglass, having better physicomechanical properties than fiberglass, but being significantly cheaper than carbon fiber. It is used as a fireproof textile in the aerospace and automotive industries and can also be used as a composite to produce products such ascamera tripods.
[h=2]Manufacture[edit][/h]Basalt fiber is made from a single material, crushed basalt, from a carefully chosen quarry source and unlike other materials such as glass fiber, essentially no materials are added. The basalt is simply washed and then melted.[1]
The manufacture of basalt fiber requires the melting of the quarried basalt rock at about 1,400 °C (2,550 °F). The molten rock is then extruded through small nozzles to produce continuous filaments of basalt fiber. There are three main manufacturing techniques, which are centrifugal-blowing, centrifugal-multiroll and die-blowing. The fibers typically have a filament diameter of between 9 and 13 µm which is far enough above the respiratory limit of 5 µm to make basalt fiber a suitable replacement for asbestos. They also have a high elastic modulus, resulting in excellent specific tenacity—three times that of steel.[verification needed]
[h=2]Properties[edit][/h]
| Property | Value[2] |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 4.84 GPa |
| Elastic modulus | 89 GPa |
| Elongation at break | 3.15% |
| Density | 2.7 g/cm³ |
| Material | Density (g/cm³) | Tensile strength (GPa) | Elastic modulus (GPa) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steel re-bar | 7.85 | 0.5 | 210 |
| A-glass | 2.46 | 3.31 | 69 |
| C-glass | 2.46 | 3.31 | 69 |
| E-glass | 2.60 | 3.45 | 76 |
| S-2 glass | 2.49 | 4.83 | 97 |
| Silicon | 2.16 | 0.206-0.412 | - |
| Quartz | 2.2 | 0.3438 | - |
| Carbon fiber (large) | 1.74 | 3.62 | 228 |
| Carbon fiber (medium) | 1.80 | 5.10 | 241 |
| Carbon fiber (small) | 1.80 | 6.21 | 297 |
| Kevlar K-29 | 1.44 | 3.62 | 41.4 |
| Kevlar K-149 | 1.47 | 3.48 | - |
| Polypropylene | 0.91 | 0.27-0.65 | 38 |
| Polyacrylonitrile | 1.18 | 0.50-0.91 | 75 |
| Basalt fiber | 2.65 | 4.15-4.80 | 100-110 |
[h=2]History[edit][/h]The first attempts to produce basalt fiber were made in the United States in 1923. These were further developed after World War II by researchers in the USA, Europe and the Soviet Union especially for military and aerospace applications. Since declassification in 1995 basalt fibers have been used in a wider range of civilian applications.
